Very popular .NET library that does this is https://github.com/App-vNext/Polly. It seems failsafe borrows heavily from it given first Polly version was released more than 10 years ago.
Worth noting as well that in more recent .net versions Polly has been brought into Microsoft under (if I remember right) microsoft.extensions.http.resilience
Microsoft.Extensions.Resilience and its downstream dependencies simply reference Polly, it continues to be an independent and actively maintained set of packages.
Author here - yes, Failsafe-go definitely took some inspiration from Polly, but it also borrows ideas from the Failsafe JVM library [1]. Polly and Failsafe influenced each other back and forth over the years.