Lets assume the FED makes 0% inflation a policy objective. As the US and the rest of the developed world continues to age, more and more retirees are supported by fewer and fewer working people. In other words a massive portion of the population is spending money, and soaking up resources, while producing nothing. Obviously this is profoundly inflationary but to maintain 0% inflation, the productive members of society will have to work a great deal more and endure policies which are explicitly designed to artificially suppress the value of their labor.