I recently did a Kaggle experiment and finetuned a LLM to classify SMS as SPAM or HAM. It was not so difficult; following the text classification example in the Hugginface transformers docs was enough. Without trying hard at all, accuracy was above 90%. Impressive even though even the messages marked as HAM seemed to be quite trash. The model itself was small - few hundred million parameters only. Models of this size run well on CPUs and an even smaller might have workd too. And non-neural classifiers might also do fine.
You could do something similar and unleash it on your mailbox. The tricky part are integrations. At work, I don't even bother since interacting with the email system there is way more tricky than with GMail.