(1) Index funds purchase MSTR shares, driving up the price; (2) thus allowing Saylor to issue more debt to buy BTC, which drives that up; (3) MSTR shares appreciate due to its BTC holdings; (4) go to step 1 as funds need to rebalance and add more MSTR shares.
The weak points to this idea are definitely step 2 and even 3. MSTR won't be able to keep finding entities to buy its debt indefinitely, and MSTR is already trading well above what its BTC holdings' appreciation would justify, so there's some obviously unsustainable mania going on.