Or alert air traffic control, and maybe they can send an alert into the cockpit. But there must be a way to raise an alarm.

My guess is basically nobody cares that much about this rare condition. It's much more likely the pilots are incapacitated rather than asleep, in which case the alarm is pointless.

But I guess it's not that rare:

  - https://www.newsweek.com/pilots-boeing-737-both-doze-off-overshoot-airport-two-hour-flight-1735435
  - https://jalopnik.com/tale-of-both-pilots-sleeping-during-flight-reminds-us-t-1849014190
  - https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/pilots-sleep-cockpit-airline-safety/index.html
  - https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-24296544
  - https://www.cbsnews.com/news/both-pilots-fall-asleep-during-british-airbus-flight-incident-report-reveals/
  - https://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=A9AAFE58-18F4-40B5-B59A-EBE316BBE878
  - https://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1932040,00.html

Autopilot and autoland have been around for a while, but they still need to be set up by the pilot, only operate under certain conditions, and autoland in particular only works at some airports. This is probably not a solution, not for quite a while at least.

A proper deadman's switch can't just be a button - you could weight it down, or just fall asleep on top of it. Trains commonly use a pedal you have to hold down halfway. Not sure this is really the best idea though, as pilots typically need both hands (and usually feet) free to actually, you know, control the plane.

That's not impossible, but the pilots' limbs are already largely "spoken for" by other controls and tasks, so it would be a harsh tradeoff.

Well... You can. Sleep deprivation is one hell of a drug. After ~23h on a plane without sleep, I slept through a fire alarm at a hotel. It's unlikely that both pilots and other staff would ignore it, but "no one can sleep to" threshold is not that low.

Sorry but this a bit ill-informed.

First off, you cannot just put an alarm on everything. The sonic experience inside a cockpit is very carefully designed to give pilots the correct information at the correct time. False alarms are not only not appreciated, they are actively dangerous. If a flight experiencing an emergency situation, a blaring alarm that is incorrectly going off can prevent pilots from getting timely information.

Airbus have side-sticks (like a game controller), not yokes and you really shouldn’t be inputting on them unless you’re hand flying for whatever reason.

In all two-pilot aircraft (all commercial jet aircraft), there are two separate roles that each one assumes: Pilot Monitoring (PM) and Pilot Flying (PF). The PM’s job is usually to run checklists, communicate/operate the radio, check various indicators, and support the PF to fly the aircraft. The captain and first officer swap between these roles en route. The PM should NOT be inputting controls unless there is a good reason to do so, but for safety/redundancy, one side’s controls are never disabled unless a lockout/override is active.

Most airlines have a policy to cruise with the autopilot on, which keeps the aircraft on its plotted course at it’s cleared altitude. The time where “flying” comes into play most often is during takeoff and using various levels of ILS from just indications of glide slope to a full autoland.

While not fantastic, a cruising airbus will keep its current course and stay airborne if the pilots snooze off.

That doesn't work at all. There are often times like takeoff, landing, dealing with adverse weather events, re-routing, mechanical failure, etc where they're going through a detailed checklist. The last thing you want is some random device that takes attention away from them dealing with a serious problem.

Do a barrel roll :)

> Maintain level flight but avoid terrain

Your other ideas are good. But this could kill people if it misfires and takes the plane off course and too far from an airfield.

>That’s true, but there are plenty of other options.

Well we can't settle it in the comments, nor should we. So which of those options can successfully survive a detailed engineering review on its merits?

I recall reading that certain aircraft manufacturers do offer more robust security features if the airlines are willing to pay for them. I don't have a link or source handy, but it's entirely possible that these features have been discussed, but through the lens of how much more would it cost to implement them.

There are fighter jets that will take over for an incapacitated pilot. I think it just goes to straight and level.

The existing action is to maintain current settings. A flight in Australia flew across the continent that way, after (theory says) somehow depressurizing during takeoff so everyone passed out.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_Australia_Beechcraft_King...

IMO that story shows that unless you do the remote control option (which I see as unlikely) it doesn't matter what happens...what can anyone outside the plane do except crash it earlier?

While not the exact same situation, it seems the response is to keep trying and to ask nearby planes to find them and get their attention. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=027yV9p7W5I

The two would have to fall asleep at the same time though. Otherwise, as soon as the SIC falls asleep, the third one would trigger some special protocol (like a kick in the tibia)

I'm not a pilot, but it seems like in some cases (depending on who sets the rules), it's allowed.

See this: https://flightsafety.org/asw-article/controlled-rest/