All European banks I know require you the enter the recipient's name. So they could do a plausibility check, even with some spelling inconsistencies allowed. But banks are not in the business of offering good customer experience, they just put to their fineprint that only the number will be used. With IBANs there is only a 1% chance that the check-digits match (less if you weight common human typos), but still mistyping it and ending up with a valid number can realistically happen.

Would an error code protect against it if both accounts exist? if the account doesn't exist then the transfer wouldn't go through.