Rust is considering this under the name of "pattern types" [0][1]. If the full idea is realized, you should be able to handle strings and enums as well.

There is also a PR for a minimal implementation using a macro and targeting integers specifically[2]. It's experimental and there is a chance this doesn't get stabilized, but here's hoping it makes it through!

[0]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107606 [1]: https://cohost.org/oli-obk/post/165584-ranged-integers-via [2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/120131