However, debit cards are not credit cards or compatible with credit cards, so I'm not sure what the relevance of your point is.
Are European debit cards maybe somehow different than US ones, and the experience differs between the two?
Sure does! Just signed up with BBVA some months ago and got a Visa debit card from them called "Aqua". https://www.bbva.es/en/personas/productos/tarjetas/tarjeta-d...
The only places I've found that only accept credit cards are hotels.