This is what makes me mildly irritated about “consent to collect DNA samples.” DNA is not just you, unlike other biometrics, like fingerprints—it’s your relatives too. This makes it hypothetically possible, for example, for some insurer to genetically determine you have a preexisting condition without ever consenting to give your DNA.
Of course this will never get unwound because of the enormous boon to law enforcement these mega gene databases have been.
During Covid, Vietnam had ~20 official applications to track vaccination and half of them could give travel/move certificate. And to not stop, every city & district did manage differently "inventory" from application, google form, excel over Dropbox to hand managed paper.
To finish, I don't even imaging how it could end; IT security speaking.