Of course, programming languages without names of any kind are not new.
Like this one, they tend to be esoteric.
There's the Turing Machine inspired Brainfuck, with its 8 symbol alphabet <>+-[].,
Some are based on Combinatory Logic, like Lazy-K and unlambda,
and others on Lambda Calculus with de-Bruijn indices, like binary lambda calculus and λDNA.
And several others, like this one, are stack based.