I think he identifies 2 primary Biblical narratives - U-shaped plot and inverted U plot - and their role in shaping Western literary and cultural tradition.
U-shaped plot is a descent into a difficult or chaotic situation that represents a fall from a higher state, then proceeding through a series of complications and conflicts that further the sense of alienation or suffering until there is a turning point that leads to a rise in fortune or circumstance, with a positive resolution and the protagonist achieving some form of redemption, success, or happiness.
This could be a literal descent, like being cast out of Paradise, or the Prodigal Son, Job, or Joseph of Egypt (thrown in a well, sold as slave, then in prison), or a metaphorical one, such as losing one's way morally or spiritually.
Inverted U plot examples: king Saul, Samson.
These archetypal narrative structures have been reflected and reinterpreted in literature throughout history.