Differences are major. Vue's templating is a haphazard collection of elements that grew organically as the author(s) realised that more stuff needed to be added for templating to work. There's the Javascript-like DSL, there's Javascript expressions, there are HTML-like attributes, there are HTML-like attributes with magical extensions, there are...

JSX is trivially converted to a Javascript function call which immediately explains everything about its capabilities and syntax.