This is Qualcomm's big business (and others), getting their patents into standards like 5G and then charging people a fair amount to use it - and they have to license it to everyone, even their arch nemesis. Or you just buy their chips.
For a patent of something you invented, but did not submit to become part of a standards-body, you absolutely can choose not to license it for any amount of money.
Patent holders are not required to license their patents last time I checked. You are simply required to acquire a license prior to using patented technology.
If they don't want to license it, you're SOL.
(edit: if you were speculating on what should be, and not what is, then my bad... :)
That is apparently right and I learned it wrong (but it does seems wrong to me).
edit: after reading the siblings answer, I apparently wrongly overgeneralized the way it works with patents in standards