I often wonder what the effects of reduced infant mortality will be on the population. For all of human history before about 100 years ago, we were aggressively selected for survival at birth or shortly after. Now, we're not. All those people who would have died might not only suffer other health problems in their life but propagate the "die as a baby" genes to their offspring. Optimistically, it might mean that humans both become dependent on those medical technologies that save babies and mothers, and maintain the capability to provide them so we're fine. It could be a positive direction for evolution, like how we're already adapted to depend on ancient technologies like housing, clothing, and cooking. But maybe it's just bad and future generations will be generally get less and less healthy.