Depending on the code I've seen performance increases above 100x in some cases. While that's not exactly the norm, benchmarking Rust in debug mode is absolutely pointless even as a rough estimate.
Apple's Rosetta 2 translates x86-64 to aarch64 that runs surprisingly fast, despite being mostly a straightforward translation of instructions, rather than something clever like a recompiling optimizing JIT.
And the plain old C is relatively fast without optimizations, because it doesn't rely on abstraction layers being optimized out.