Phase shift between rotation and actuation predicts muscle activation patterns

Probably off topic: it's the second time I am reading about phase shifts today. The first time I read it was in context of interpretability of attention in transformer neural nets where they find phase shifts between positional and semantic learning: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.03902

this is something that most physical therapists could talk about in-depth, albeit less eloquently.

modifying ϕ (via posture or action) is essentially what is done as a first response to encountering clonus in a patient undergoing assisted physical therapy.