The graphs of water temperature over the last 2 years have been off the charts - literally; required adjusting the y-axis:
Can’t find sources right now, but it was very interesting when it came out ~6 months ago.
It was also underreported. Hank Green made a great video about it.[1] It lists some sources in the description.
[1]: https://youtu.be/dk8pwE3IByg?si=aiOv-7MGZRa6D9lS
https://www.science.org/content/article/changing-clouds-unfo...
[1] https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/ea/d2ea0...!
- Warming has been going on for 200 years, so we are deep into it.
- The polar ice sheet has been shrinking because it is warmer. So instead of the long summer days reflecting off the ice, they are absorbed by the ocean.
- Shipping has been eliminating sulphur from bunker fuel to reduce acid rain and smog (2020 change), and the lack of smog allows more sun to reach the earth.
The recent shock of cleaner shipping exhaust has combined with the historical warming and the feedback loops of falling ice albedo (and others) shows up in warmer water.
https://www.nasa.gov/missions/aqua/nasa-study-finds-evidence...
https://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-...