Why not use Verilog or SystemVerilog?

    module blinky
      (
      input v3v3,
      input gnd
      );

    wire led;

    wire led_r;

    rp2040 u1
      (
      .vcc (v3v3),
      .gnd (gnd),
      .gpioa15 (led)
      );

    resistor #(.VALUE("220"), .TOLERANCE("5%"), .PART("ERJH2CF1R10X"), .SIZE("1206")) r1
      (
      .a (led),
      .b (led_r)
      );

    led #(.PART("WP7113SURDK14V")) d1
      (
      .anode (v3v3),
      .cathode (led_r)
      );

   endmodule

Use Verilog parameters for all of the part information you might want, like links to digikey part number.. or bury them into modules with different names.

FWIW: Cadance "conceptHDL" is a schematic entry program which generates a Verilog netlist like this as its output (usually for board level simulation including ASICs and FPGAs). But if you're careful, Verilog could used directly as the input- the board-level schematic is pretty simple compared with the chip source code.

I'm sure there is a tool somewhere to convert this into an EDIF netlist for Kicad or whatever. [Icarus can do it: https://steveicarus.github.io/iverilog/targets/tgt-fpga.html ]

Also: this is not limited to digital: there is a variant of Verilog called Verilog-AMS specifically designed for analog simulation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verilog-AMS

In Verilog-AMS, you can define a simulation models of your components:

    module resistor
      (
      inout electrical a,
      inout electrical b
      );

    parameter real R = 1.0;

    analog
        V(a,b) <+ R * I(a,b);

    endmodule

    module capacitor
      (
      inout electrical p,
      inout electrical n
      );

    parameter real c = 0;

    analog
      I(p,n) <+ c*ddt(V(p, n));

    endmodule

So not only do you get a component, but you also can simulate the whole thing before fabrication to catch mistakes.