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Perhaps Mozilla WebRender?

I should have clarified that I am only asking about desktop solutions.

Not sure what you mean but WebRender powers Firefox which definitely works on the desktop.

You can use it to build desktop UI frameworks - see for example https://azul.rs/

Oh, I see. But it uses OpenGL, and I would have to guess it is being replaced by WebGPU / wgpug, correct?

I don't think they've started such work but I don't really know.