The mechanism is simply called recursion. Or tail recursion specifically.
Tail recursion is completely irrelevant to this algorithm.
then enlighten me how different is it from tail recursion?
Tail recursion is when the recursive call is last in a function; this algorithm uses breadth-first search to simultaneously 1. search the space of inputs and outputs 2. find the smallest set out of outputs to reach a reward. Again, tail recursion is completely irrelevant.
> I asked ChatGPT and it said it wasn’t aware of it.
nah. You are using ChatGPT wrong.
Seeing how you think "tail recursion " is relevant when it isn't, it's more likely that you don't actually understand the algorithm.