Before the 1990's but not anymore. The contaminated blood scandal in the United Kingdom (https://www.infectedbloodinquiry.org.uk/) and a lot of papers showing benefits to avoiding blood loss in the first place have changed practices. We haven't eliminated the use of allogeneic blood transfusions but they're indicated a lot less than they used to be.

Makes me wonder if there is any possibility to give blood in the lead-up to your surgery, such that you're transfused with your own blood?

You get it IF there is a need for it, not always.

I had an open heart surgery and didn't get a blood transfusion.

No.