Atomic weight of C is ~12. Atomic weight of O is ~16.
C : CO2
12 : (12+16+16)
12 : 44
1 : 3.666
so turning 1kg of pure C into pure CO2 by pulling O2 from the surrounding air creates 3.666kg CO2
Plastic also contains some H (weight ~1). Depends on the kind of plastic. Assuming water bottle plastic, AKA PET, AKA Polyethylene terephthalate, Its molecular formula is (C10H8O4)n.
So starting weight of 10x12+8x1+4x16=192, and we assume complete burning so CO2 + H2O end products.
1 C10H8O4 + 10 O2 = 10 CO2 + 4 H2O
1x192 : 10x44
192 : 440
1 : 2.29
perfectly burning 1kg of PET produces 2.29kg of CO2