The Android corollary is: "Does it work on my ARMv6 Android 2.1 toaster? And can it use the hardware acceleration features provided by Qualcomm processors?"
See documentation for ALAssetsLibrary: http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#DOCUMENTATION/Assets...
"An instance of ALAssetsLibrary provides access to the videos and photos that are under the control of the Photos application.
The library includes those that are in the Saved Photos album, those coming from iTunes, and those that were directly imported into the device. You use it to retrieve the list of all asset groups and to save images and videos into the Saved Photos album."
I'm not very familiar with the background process APIs, but from my understanding of it, I'd be surprised if you were able to do that. In my comment I was mostly thinking of automatic upload as the user uses the app itself: opens Dropbox to check out a document and it automatically gets the new pictures without the user having to remember to do it.