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I thought it was inspired by the Sieve of Eratosthenes which scans for composite numbers.

I thought the article might be discussing the impact of CPU caches on the Sieve of Eratosthenese when used as a processor benchmark. I'm pretty sure I thought wrong.

Next I thought it might be an algorithm for managing the CPU caches, Wrong again (I think.)

I think it's a discussion of managing application caches or perhaps things like disk caches. Not sure if I'm right.

It is a cache eviction algorithm. Discussed recently here:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38850202

The acronym is sort of suggested by this sentence in the Introduction of their paper [1]:

> The new algorithm is called SIEVE: a simple and efficient turn-key cache eviction policy

[1] https://junchengyang.com/publication/nsdi24-SIEVE.pdf

I don't think it's an acronym, it just seems to be a convention in the literature to capitalize eviction-algorithm names (cf. "CLOCK").

According to the footnote in the paper where the name is first mentioned, "SIEVE sifts out unpopular objects from cache over time".