Sounds like the non-programmers are good at what they are supposed to be good at (solving the actual problem, if perhaps not always in the most elegant manner) while the programmers should be producing a highly maintainable, understandable, testable and reliable code base (and potentially have problems with advanced algorithms that rely on complicated theorems), but they are not. The OP has a case of bad programmers - the techniques listed as bad can be awesome if used with prudence.

A good programmer has a very deep knowledge of the various techniques they can use and the wisdom to actually choose the right ones in a given situation.

The bad programmers learn a few techniques and apply them everywhere, no matter what they're working on, with whom they are working with. Good programmers learn from their mistakes and adapt, bad programmers blame others.

I've worked with my share of bad programmers and they really suck. A good programmer's code is a joy to work with.