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You can actually get a manual action (penalty) from Google if you do IP cloaking/redirects. It's still mentioned prominently in Google's Webmaster Guidelines: https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/9044175?hl=en#z...

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And then there is Dynamic Rendering which OKed cloaking

https://developers.google.com/search/docs/crawling-indexing/...

and the there are AMP pages which is Google Enforced cloaking...

I think by now all search engines run JavaScript and index the rendered page...

As the founder of SEO4Ajax, I can assure you that this is far from the case. Googlebot, for example, still has great difficulty indexing dynamically generated JavaScript content on the client side.

This isn’t about JavaScript vs no JavaScript.

It’s about serving different pages based on User Agent.

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