The closest we can tell is that he sent his MBP off to Apple for repair and they swapped the logic board with a refurb unit that was swapped from one of our machines. There is some internal tool that rewrites the serial number and apparently nobody ever overwrote the serial number on the removed unit.
So anyway, there's two legitimate MBPs out there with the same serial number, although ours is probably decommissioned by now (I believe it was a 2015).
Was a funny journey figuring out what the hell was going on, though.