The bigger thing is, if it's a garage, it's likely not insulated, which means you'd have to do so for noise/efficiency. Probably still way better than having a desk in your toddler's room though.
This might help to remove your partner's remaining voice from recordings at least in your current situation.
I might try hanging up the acoustic sound panel at the start of the curtain track in the bedroom to see if that helps. I suspect the sound waves will just ...wave around it? But I am clearly not an audio engineer. :)
I have used those dividers just for visual backdrops in the past though, they're handy.
Ground vibration also needs mass to dampen, and it's harder to solve without expensive treatments since it ultimately depends on placement relative to loadbearing elements - jumping up and down on a structural beam will be overall less noisy than the flooring in between.
That said, you can lower the frequency by borrowing the techniques of weightlifting platforms: alternating layers of a dense rebond foam and wood.