I'd wager that any performance gains achieved by returning a database file instead of a (well-known, long-established, well-understood) resultset is going to be negated by literally the rest of the owl.
By that I mean, you then need to instrument loading the database file that is returned, applying specific local security and performance considerations that come with that choice, and then querying the normalized data within that returned file.
Could that be fast? Maybe. The best bet would be scenarios where the wire speed / bandwidth / system memory of the consuming device are very very limited. In those situations there's already an established way of handling it though: cursors.
A resultset is, for the most part, highly compressible already (barring scenarios where you're just returning blobs, which incidentally this is doing as well), so it's not clear to me this is even saving you that much in terms of the "data duplication" they're discussing.