Paper may say you can use this methodology with data beyond the scope of the paper to make a prediction.

However it doesn’t actually do the work to predict anything.

Kind of like the difference between theoretical math and applied math.

Take a look, for example, at the timeline in https://xkcd.com/1732/. It contains (almost) no prediction, but once you have internalized the information in it your own predictions on the climate topic are likely to become a lot more powerful because better informed.