For example, in Korea during the Joseon/Chosŏn period, the status of women gradually declined due to Neo-Confucianist ideology. Women stopped inheriting property in the seventeenth century. They lost the right to intiate divorce, while men could still intiate divorce under seven grounds (disobedience to parents-in-law, failure to bear a son, adultery, jealousy, hereditary disease, larceny, and talkativeness). Widows lost the right to remarry, and were seen as inconvenient for the family. Women were forbidden from playing games, partying outdoors, and riding horses.
The decline of women's rights happened in other societies, too; I just happened to have a book about Korean history on my desk.
North Korea, after the Korean war, their living conditions got way way worse than when under Japanese occupation, even though their military has improved.
Afghanistan, since it's been overtaken by the Taliban, even though they are mightier from a military standpoint, the living conditions have become worst.
The Soviet Union post WWII, they came out of it as a military superpower, but the damages from the war meant their living conditions were way worse.