You could use BLE to signal the incoming call or switching tracks or queuing up a new track. Likewise I’d love it if re-encoding the AAC from the player weren’t a necessary step when there isn’t additional audio. But then I suppose they would have to mix the audio on headphones which … actually sounds doable given that’s basically what noise cancelling and transparency mode requires already.
Of course, the cynic in me wonders why we can’t do AirPlay 2-style functionality with simple Bluetooth and BLE speakers, but Apple wants to preserve their margin and ecosystem. Literally lossless headphone audio was mostly a thing with cords, and we’re still playing catchup to the idea.
I do remember a brief period a period in the late 00’s when “MP3 headphones” were a thing, and you could add an SD card to your headphones and listen wirelessly. I’m not sure any of those supported FLAC though.
My suspicion is that in the future, we will skip Bluetooth and go straight to wifi and cellular, where these tiny AirPods end up connecting to audio sources directly and basically only use BLE to sync between themselves. That way you can “leave the phone at home,” etc. They would probably have built-in storage too, for offline support.