Yes, the binary can be compiled to windows and run there as a worker but it will need a connection to the main database. Not sure how currently rundeck does it ?
Regarding "Connection to the main database" as far as my use case is, all the settings could live in the file system json files or sqlite if that makes installation trivial for the use case of being very good job scheduler with options to create great jobs UI, logs and management of small number of users (which is a fairly common scenario).