Trains can often be electrified, as can semi trucks, though it will require substantial investment in heavy duty charging infrastructure. Long haul aviation, and probably long haul shipping, will likely continue to require chemical fuels (though Fleetzero aspires to electrify shipping). But multiple startups have promising routes to replacing fossil fuels with e-fuels for those applications (chemical fuels created using electricity, such as electrolysis and carbon capture, instead of pumping fossil fuel out of the ground).