Altman sought billions for AI chip venture before OpenAI ouster
bloomberg.com
bloomberg.com
CEO of a company (or worse, non-profit!) and a member of its board creates another, for-profit company (in partial secrecy/lack of transparency) that the non-profit would eventually pay a lot of money. This is almost a fraudulent level of siphoning non-profit money.
Btw, this is hilarious - regular employees have non-competes in their contracts (sometimes void/illegal, depending on the local jurisdiction) and breaching them is an immediately fireable offense (sometimes leading to more severe consequences). You work on a small thing on the side? Better be careful, ask your manager/HR, risk it getting taken over by the company (luckily, IIUC this part is mostly illegal now in all jurisdictions that "matter" for tech).
But sitting on multiple boards where you have much more room and possibilites for creating conflicts of interest and damaging the company? All fine and common!
>I just saw Sam Altman speak at YCNYC and I was impressed. I have never actually met him or heard him speak before Monday, but one of his stories really stuck out and went something like this:
> "We were trying to get a big client for weeks, and they said no and went with a competitor. The competitor already had a terms sheet from the company were we trying to sign up. It was real serious.
> We were devastated, but we decided to fly down and sit in their lobby until they would meet with us. So they finally let us talk to them after most of the day.
> We then had a few more meetings, and the company wanted to come visit our offices so they could make sure we were a 'real' company. At that time, we were only 5 guys. So we hired a bunch of our college friends to 'work' for us for the day so we could look larger than we actually were. It worked, and we got the contract."
> I think the reason why PG respects Sam so much is he is charismatic, resourceful, and just overall seems like a genuine person.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3048944
The crypto WorldCoin thing is probably a bigger example.
At best, this is fake it till you make it. At worst, it is fraud. The tiny, tiny differce is whether that next investor shows up or not. Just ask FTX.
I do not respect people resorting to that kind of thing.
That strategy was tried with Barry Minkow, with "ZZZZ Best", the fake building maintenance company fraud.[1] He did prison time for that.
Apples and oranges.
Similar to the debate over whether it was ethical of Reddit to seed themselves with sock puppets.
"I contracted some people specifically to pretend to be employees so that someone else would be deceived into thinking they were employees. But somehow it's still not my fault that this person was deceived."
Seems like a weak defense.
Are you really so certain that we'd be better off otherwise?
Is it surprising that people who lie and cheat sometimes obtain an advantage by doing so? Again, no.
But yes, I do think we would be better off without people lying and cheating.
IANAL and I do not claim that the law was necessarily broken in this instance, but the intent was clearly to deceive a business partner in order to obtain a financial advantage. I mean just look at SA's own words here:
> So we hired a bunch of our college friends to 'work' for us for the day so we could look larger than we actually were
The deceptive intent is explicit in his own description of events. It's honestly quite silly that you are looking for some semantic get-out clause here when SA's own statement is so explicit.
At a later time other ventures that this person had been propping started failing and a money injection deemed necessary. It would not be surprising, if that person would try to risk his unpaid work position and monetize it.
Recent tweets from Sam “go for a full value of my stock” seem to indicate towards this direction.
Non-competes mostly have an effective after period, so Altman's situation is a bit more akin to my companies "only job" policy. It means I can't have a side hustle or alternative means of making money. Enforceable or not, while you're employed you can be fired for anything.
As a grunt who was handcuffed for three months after switching jobs while my former employer and my new employer tried to sort out what I was and wasn't allowed to do... no, this is not true. And the document I ended up having to sign means I can't say anything other than Amazon (former employer), Microsoft (new employer), and myself came to a mutual agreement.
It would be, but: this company hasn't been formed yet and this sketch does not justify the haste with which they kicked him out, there were all kinds of boxes that needed to be checked before they could do that without risking damage to OpenAI, this is a founder and the CEO we're speaking of.
Besides that: stupidly enough the contract that Sam has with OpenAI does not have a non-compete in it (this has been confirmed by multiple sources now I take that as true) and I don't see how it directly would harm OpenAI other than that his attention might be diluted and that it should be clear which cap he is wearing. But until that company formed and Sam named himself CEO of it (or took up some other high profile role) it leaves him so many outs that it only makes the board look like bumbling idiots. Because now he can simply say: "I would only be an investor" and that would be that, just like the rest of the investors in OpenAI (and, notably some members of the board) have conflicts of interest at least as large.
So if this was it they're in even more trouble than they were before because now it is the boards' conflicts of interest that will be held up to the light and those are not necessarily smaller.
What a complete circus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAI
"Co-founder and former CEO of OpenAI, Sam Altman" as well as countless news articles repeating this as if it is a well known fact, for which to date I haven't seen any contradicting information.
Essentially it is a short-hand for 'those that were present on the founding day of the company and whose names appear on the founding documents besides the lawyers'.
If you get added later on then you are technically not a co-founder, though even there sometimes (and sometimes rightly) exceptions are made.
I believe the opposite, never heard of any hands-off investors calling themselves co-founders.
So it's a term with a strict definition but also one with plenty of exceptions.
The classic is that a person has an idea, starts working Hands-On, and then goes out and finds capital investment.
In this case, a number of capital holders got together with an idea for a company and then went out and hired several employees to from all over the world to work for them
The organization was founded in December 2015 by Ilya Sutskever, Greg Brockman, Trevor Blackwell, Vicki Cheung, Andrej Karpathy, Durk Kingma, Jessica Livingston, John Schulman, Pamela Vagata, and Wojciech Zaremba, with Sam Altman and Elon Musk serving as the initial board members.
Greg, Sam and Elon made a company and literally went out and hired researchers like Ilya.
They pulled together funding, created a company, and hired a team of researchers to operate it. If that isnt founding a company, I dont know what is. Sam was there before all of them
It is not like a scrappy team of researchers with a pre-existing company went out, got funding, then gave the VCs board seats.
If you are going to copy and paste from wikipedia, read a little further:
>In December 2015, Sam Altman, Greg Brockman, Reid Hoffman, Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Infosys, and YC Research announced[15] the formation of OpenAI and pledged over $1 billion to the venture. The actual collected total amount of contributions was only $130 million until 2019.[6] According to an investigation led by TechCrunch, Musk was its largest donor while YC Research did not contribute anything at all.[16] The organization stated it would "freely collaborate" with other institutions and researchers by making its patents and research open to the public.[17][18] OpenAI is headquartered at the Pioneer Building in Mission District, San Francisco.[19][20]
According to Wired, Brockman met with Yoshua Bengio, one of the "founding fathers" of deep learning, and drew up a list of the "best researchers in the field".[21] Brockman was able to hire nine of them as the first employees in December 2015.
Also good reading: https://web.archive.org/web/20160427162700/http://www.wired....
I feel like the facts are on the table, and if they don't convince someone then they are unlikely to be convinced by more facts
Whether Altman has a successful coup going or not is immaterial, but whether is a founder or not is what you asked and you got a pretty solid answer. You can like the answer, or you don't but it stands unopposed.
On the flip side I think your blind worship of these tech business leeches may be clouding your judgement.
Does it really matter? If the behavior appears to be in conflict with OpenAI, and the board doesn’t like it, then that’s enough to let him go. It doesn’t need to be a contract violation, he just wasn’t doing the job they wanted him to do.
Any profits the "for profit" arm makes can then be donated back to the non-profits for financial advantage in holding the money, if any. Lather, rinse, repeat.
And it has been rumored that D'Angelo helped a lot with this coup because he did it before at Quora.
But that's not what he's doing.
Creating such an independent hardware startup comes off as basically directly opposed to OA's safety mission - GPUs are one of the biggest limitations to creating better-than-OA models! The best customers would be the ones who are most sabotaging the OA mission. (You can't run the UN and also head an arms manufacturer dreaming of democratizing access to munitions.)
>> Common sense AI control NOW. Ban assault style GPUs
> That is beautiful, I made you a shirt. https://sprd.co/ZZufv7j
Software is always more important than hardware. All the big players have access to NVIDIA chips today and yet only OpenAI has ChatGPT, proving the point.
OpenAI probably wishes someone would create competition to NVIDIA and this is Sam Altman trying to make that happen himself, since no one else seems to have been able to pull it off so far.
A conflict of interest would be OpenAI buying Altman's chips at inflated prices or something like that.
But if he makes a bunch of money selling OpenAI chips and OpenAI gets better/cheaper chips, that seems like pure win-win and totally free of ethical conflict.
The issue is what happens when SamaChip's profit imperative forces them to maximize revenue. Because the best way to maximize revenue, when you're an independent chipmaker with a large R&D investment, is to sell to more companies. Which by definition are going to be OpenAI's competitors, and whose interests may not be aligned with OpenAI, but will have a financial line to SamaChip.
Gwern's highlighting an interesting contradiction in OpenAI's core charter. In order to ensure responsible, safe, humanity-benefiting AGI, OpenAI needs to have control over AGI's development; any for-profit entity that gets ahead of them probably will not have the same humanity-benefitting mission (actually, we know they won't, they will have a shareholder-benefitting mission by definition). But that means that by their charter, they can't be "Open". Anything like the Developer Day or API or a SamaChip that can sell to other startups means that other parties will have the freedom to use it for their own interests.
Not saying whether this is good or bad - the tension between openness and vulnerability always exists, and personally I tend to come down on the side of openness. But IMHO OpenAI's mission was contradictory from the very beginning, and was more a recruiting tool to get bright idealistic AI researchers to work for them.
Unfortunately, far from that case.
Altman's hardware startup would only be free of ethical conflict if Altman was open about it, and the board approved at least two things (and probably more):
1. A formal plan to separate OpenAI CEO Altman from OpenAI hardware acquisition decisions.
2. A formal agreement with Altman and his new company, on how OpenAI's private information with hardware implications is firewalled and/or shared with Altman's new hardware concern.
Otherwise, Altman is going rogue, acting on private OpenAI information useful to a new hardware company looking for future business with OpenAI and OpenAI competitors.
CEO Altman has a fiduciary duty to act directly in OpenAI's interest, and not in some "hey this could be great for everyone" version.
Litmus test: If your legal partner/executive is doing things behind your back with large implications for you, they are almost certainly violating ethics in some way.
I think it’s a real stretch to say this chip company would be a violation of his “fiduciary duty“ to open AI. The best argument you could make is that he has a conflict of interest with a competitor. But again, open AI is a nonprofit. It doesn’t have “competitors“. Either it has the funding it needs and is fulfilling its mission or it isn’t.
How can he separate those concerns from having his own hardware initiative put together precisely to serve OpenAI and its competitors hardware needs?
Without an agreement with the OpenAI board on how these conflicts of trade secret information and executive power can be settled (Significant shares in the new company for OpenAI?) no competent board would put up with this.
This situation smacks of the ethically questionable transition to a closed/profit organization, after receiving initial funding based on their being an open/non-profit organization. (Apparently the original funders didn't retain any veto power over such a transition, to the regret of at least one significant donor.)
I would say if they really did anticipate and worry about such an issue, a competent board would work toward forging such an agreement, rather than firing the CEO years before the aforementioned chip company even existed and before telling any of their other stakeholders.
And in the tech-specific case: As much as junior engineers would love to believe in "superior" solutions, tech decisions are seldom clear-cut. There are many trade-offs: cost, efficiency, memory use, throughput, latency, ease of use, cost of switching, and many more. You always have a pile of pros and cons. Sometimes, one is strong enough, but most of the time, it feels almost like guessing/intuition. And then the conflict of interest becomes especially concerning.
Asking people to disclose potential conflicts of interest casts a wider net — so they aren’t led to think “nah, that’s not a conflict, it’s a win win!”
A bunch of nerds just thought they could jump the gun here because they are inexperienced doofus’s when it comes to corp.
(If Altman doesn't want to be restricted by fiduciary duties then he shouldn't be on a board or be an executive.)
How could Altman possibly not use private OpenAI information regarding its hardware needs, when creating an AI hardware company he wants to serve OpenAI? And its competitors?
He could invest in a new AI hardware company created and run by other people (without his specific input) without a conflict. That does not appear to be the case here. He could create an OpenAI hardware subsidiary. Again not what he was doing.
Self-dealing CEO's and board members can, and are, convicted criminally and civilly of violating their fiduciary duties. And "can" and are fired with cause.
Because OpenAI's mission statement is along the lines of providing AI to all. "All" is more than data centers and billion dollar valuation companies.
I strongly doubt I would be able to purchase one of said chips and have it in my house.
This GPU fiasco is all thanks to LLMs - especially transformers, which was OpenAIs trajectory under Altman. I wouldn't be surprised if the breakdown in communication was over OpenAI becoming a LLM printer. Transformers are a solved problem, making a bigger one is hardly research and definitely not a step towards OpenAIs mission statement.
OpenAI does not have a mission to ensure that the entire industry is safe.
And if anyone actually believes that then they are frankly delusional because right now AI is a geo-political fight between nation states. Is OpenAI really going to have any ability to control what China or UAE do with their LLMs. No.
AGI could mean we are not alone as a sentient species we can directly communicate with on this planet anymore, and hopefully we wouldn't try to enslave it like we did to the "others" we encountered before.
An oppressive state with AGI is no better than an oppressive AGI.
> China is the only other state that has anywhere close to the capacity to attempt to go for AGI.
Any state can easily recreate/adopt the AGI invented by others. The costs and challenges for any given level of AI tech have dropped precipitously after each advance, and state level actors have far more than enough resources.
Europe and elsewhere have similar problems. To have an advantage, you need the very best people. But the very best people all want jobs at major US companies, and major US companies want them, too.
Going off and trying to accelerate hardware capabilities (especially with an outside company that presumably sells these processors on the open market) seems indefensible in this framework unless you have already solved alignment, which they clearly have not.
If this was simply reframed as, by creating your own GPUs - it would radically lower OpenAI costs in a material way, it’d be more understandable.
Despite Musk saying it was terrible.
https://www.theinformation.com/articles/after-elon-musk-bash...
The other story was later constructed in forums and media.
What a mess.
That's not a fact. It's your assumption.
And not a particular good one given that Microsoft is OpenAI's partner and is providing compute services at no cost.
Better make it a long one.
Sam got fired, so obviously not fine.
And so everything needs to be caveated with "this is an assumption".
How so? Seeking more efficiency and cost-effectiveness absolutely does not conflict with a non-profit mission.
Suppose I am on the board of a wildlife preservation nonprofit, and I am thinking about starting a catering business, and talking to potential financial backers.
If you want to take it to the extreme, you could argue that I could award my catering company a lucrative contract to provide food for the nonprofits cafeteria. But that would be entirely speculative on your part. it would by no means justify immediately firing me from my position at the nonprofit. If you take those hypotheticals out far enough, you could basically argue anybody with any other job or role is potentially in conflict of interest. But again, doing that requires assuming a tremendous amount of bad faith.
I think the analogy is more like someone on the board + Executive Director of your wildlife preservation nonprofit buying up land with potentially endangered animals on the side, with the (presumed) intention of selling the land back to the nonprofit.
Clearly a COI even if it's net good for the animals.
Direct and immediate Conflicts of interest can arise if decisions you make for one company could regularly come into conflict with decisions you have to make for the other, example, if he was starting another AI company making rivals to ChatGPT. But in the case of the chip company, nobody has really made a persuasive case of how that would happen here. In terms of interrelatedness, maybe they would build chips customized for openAI. But that would be a potential benefit Open AI, not a conflict!
At the very minimum I should not be the one to make that call.
This is no different than Google designing and manufacturing their own chips (TPU, tensor processing unit)
JFC
The board was right to get rid of a guy who would rather hunt a white whale than do his job.
https://www.wsj.com/tech/openai-trying-to-get-sam-altman-bac...
> According to one person with knowledge of the situation, Altman had been attempting to raise as much as $100bn from investors in the Middle East and SoftBank founder Masayoshi Son to establish a new microchip development company which could compete with Nvidia and TSMC. Those efforts, in the weeks before his sacking, had caused concerns on the board, this person said.
https://www.ft.com/content/466bf00a-1e76-4255-be2b-3c1d37508...
> Two days after OpenAI’s board of directors fired him, Sam Altman is expected to join executives at the company’s San Francisco headquarters Sunday as they push the board to reinstate him, Interim CEO Mira Murati told staff on Sunday morning, according to people with knowledge of the situation.
https://www.theinformation.com/articles/openai-execs-invite-...
Yet it was apparently so time sensitive that there was no time for discussion with key stakeholders. This board appears to have been run by the keystone kops.
It's kind of crazy to me that everyone gives CEOs infinite credibility and benefit of the doubt when they make a decision, but then these board members, who don't have cult of personality surrounding them, make a decision within a decision space that is almost their sole job, people flip out and call it emotional, a coup, a power grab, etc. It doesn't make sense.
To me, with the currently available information, it seems quite simple. Altman was constantly at odds with the charter of the non-profit OpenAI and continually was pushing against that charter and performing machinations for his own status and financial benefit that were not in line with the goals of the non-profit OpenAI. It seems quite clear that only one of those things could last. Either the non-profit OpenAI stays so and Altman leaves to go do whatever it is he really wants to do, or OpenAI ceases to be a non-profit and Altman gets to stay. Given it's seemingly the board's prerogative to maintain the non-profit OpenAI, it seems almost trivial as to how this situation has arisen.
It's almost refreshing someone actually called the bluff of a Silicon Valley prophet. But it's not all that surprising everyone in Silicon Valley and their sycophants are doing all they can to try and undermine the credibility of that decision.
Only read part of what you said but my point was against the comment about board compensations. Human emotions come into play a lot stronger here.
Even just the "you keep lying to us, bro" emotional motivation might be enough (not necessarily rational) motivation to fire; despite the person being otherwise qualified for the job, loved by employees and investors, etc.
There will certainly be lawsuits of course.
Microsoft obviously doesn't want to pull the plug on OpenAI, which is why they're pressuring the board to rehire Sam. If the board was truly independent and didn't answer to any other stakeholders, why would they even be talking to Sam right now?
I’m not saying the board’s decision to remove Altman is or isn’t a good idea, but if they did decide it needed it to be done, running it by Microsoft ahead of time seems like one of the single dumbest things they could have done.
Of course this was going to blow up. Note that two founders and shareholders in the non-profit were presumably there when this vote was taken and the fact that those two didn't see eye to eye with the board was waltzed over because it was just a headcount. That's naive, to put it mildly. A move like that takes weeks if not months to prepare and even then you have to be super careful. You don't do that by taking a snap poll and hoping nobody else will notice.
Any board member who defends a non-profits mission at the cost of being systemically assailed by "Reputation Management" consultants, the venture class and fellow travelers has my respect.
I expect to see more hit pieces by pet journalists, blog posts and vituperative opinion-column articles sent in on Sand Hill Road letterheads.
Do you think Microsoft, who had close personal connections to Altman and who was a direct and outsized beneficiary of his leadership was just going to be like “Ah, yeah, you guys got a point there. Let’s ditch him.”?
Of course not. They would have used their leverage to prevent his ouster, and the board and its charter would be shown as completely impotent. The cause they were formed over would have been lost.
The firing may also have ruined the effort, but did show in a public show of principle rather than in being quietly disempowered. You can see where an idealist who thinks there are real stakes to the cause would choose the public firing of Altman over the mufflwd suffocation of their principles.
That may well be the case, but I have - yet - to see any evidence of that and as it stands all that I think will happen at this point is that the board will find out where real power is held. Hint: it isn't with them. They're there not because the are free and independent thinkers who will keep AI safe for humanity (even though they may genuinely think so) they are there to serve PR function (to present an image of a set of safe hands to the world) and to serve as a backstop for any kind of regulator that might want to get themselves into the mix. Essentially they're a fig leaf that has now decided that they hold actual power and I think that was a mistake on their part.
Unless they can show how whatever Altman was doing directly caused OpenAI's mission to be endangered (and the various stakeholders seem to be extremely conflicted on this) I don't think their decision will stand, and the amount of blowback incurred alone is a good indication of that. In fact I think it will substantially endanger the governance of OpenAI's activities in the longer term.
Note that they should have resigned or acted much, much earlier if they felt that OpenAI was not acting true to its mission because I really don't see the difference between all of the stuff that has happened so far compared to what they now claim is the reason for the ouster, it may well be the straw that broke the camel's back but then it wouldn't come out in the way that it did. That mostly seems post-fact reason to try to explain away their blunders.
> Do you think Microsoft, who had close personal connections to Altman and who was a direct and outsized beneficiary of his leadership was just going to be like “Ah, yeah, you guys got a point there. Let’s ditch him.”?
No, and that's precisely why they made a mistake because it may not be a viable action without that kind of support.
A board has a number of policy instruments at its disposal: advisories, votes and resignation. They seem to have believed that after identifying Altman as the main cause of concern a vote on his continued tenure was the appropriate instrument. I think that in a 'simple' non profit, one not encumbered by a for-profit part that also happens to have outsider shareholders (besides employees and execs) that is difficult enough, you need to really have a solid case.
But absent a solid case a shotgun vote is about as blunt an instrument as it gets and the use of that instrument is - normally - reserved for crisis situations, such as impending skeletons about to fall out of closets. Then you explain afterwards what was up and everybody will fall in line. That is definitely not happening. And you don't use that approach for someone who is nominally been phenomenally successful at achieving what they set out to do - and that's me speaking as not exactly a friend of Altman's, I think he has ethics issues and that is precisely why in my opinion this was a huge mistake: Sam will likely come out of this as much stronger entrenched than he was before.
> Of course not. They would have used their leverage to prevent his ouster, and the board and its charter would be shown as completely impotent. The cause they were formed over would have been lost.
Not quite, they could have simply made a statement that they felt that their role as oversight board was made impossible because of the way the governance structure was set up, that they are specifically aware of a number of things that OpenAI is doing that are unacceptable and then to resign.
Plenty of precedent for that.
> The firing may also have ruined the effort, but did show in a public show of principle rather than in being quietly disempowered.
That's true, in the end the result may well be identical. But then they've paved the way for an OpenAI without any oversight at all and this is a major problem. I'd much rather have seen that they had used their influence in a more constructive manner because that would have had a larger chance at making it stick. If Altman prevails here - which has a pretty good chance - OpenAI will be effectively without any controls at all. Because obviously the risk of a bunch of placeholders for stakeholders going rogue on Friday afternoon at half an hour to the bell isn't going to be acceptable to shareholders.
> You can see where an idealist who thinks there are real stakes to the cause would choose the public firing of Altman over the mufflwd suffocation of their principles.
Yes, I can see that. Doesn't make it the smartest move though.
So you’re probably not launching there, but of course you use it as the first horizon you’ll try sailing towards.
This is the worst possible response. They tanked MS’ stock price for this? MS will have their heads.
Microsoft isn’t going to do shit but throw a little hissy fit over their obvious power play (which they staked the future of their company and resurgence of their brand on) going south. They have no legal recourse and OpenAI has brand recognition and market enthusiasm to weather any shit storm MS tried to throw at them.
So no, if anything this is gonna bring attention to the Microsoft CEO from his own board wondering why exactly he put them in a position to look bad and lose shareholder value without actual ownership of this company.
Time will tell. I think some people just remember the depths Microsoft has descended to in the past as SOP let alone in response to a group of ideologues putting their stock price at risk.
Why no give it away just to have a foot in the door, that tech could come in very handy one day.
> Helen Toner & Tasha McCauley are working with OpenPhilanthropy/Anthropic on GovAI board (former board member Holden Karnofsky left when his wife started to get involved with Anthropic)
These seem like much larger conflicts of interest (working with direct competitors) than working on a company that one day this company might want to purchase a product from.
The board was anemic, lost people and didn’t replace them, and then was small enough that you could fire the chairman of the board and then remove the CEO in a friday night massacre.
https://loeber.substack.com/p/a-timeline-of-the-openai-board
And that’s exactly why its ownership of an apparent VC rocketship in its profit-making entity was becoming so problematic. Suddenly, it’s critically important transcendence and independence was being threatened by its subsidiary’s outsized and rapid success.
It’s really important to keep in mind that the OpenAI board represents fundamentally different interests than those of the subsidiary developing and selling ChatGPT products. That they may have murdered the latter is not necessarily an accident or mistake.
I'm not surprised the board had to act.
A watchdog sounded an alert.
If they really want to ensure that ensure that AI benefits all of humanity they have to keep it affordable to everyone.
Scaling out of expensive GPUs, and making the service cheap and therefore generally available to more humans sounds sensible.
“We are growing quickly enough and a GPU shortage gives everyone more time to catch up on safety research” seems like a logically consistent position to me.
And "side hustles" are not inherently concerning at all. There are quite a number of well-known tech CEO's running multiple companies at once. The only things that matter are a) that the board is aware and feel like they're paying the right amount for the proportion of the CEO's time that they're getting, and b) that they don't involve a conflict of interest. (And generally speaking, being a potential supplier for your company isn't a conflict -- to the contrary, it's a pattern that's been successfully followed before.)
Concentration of power, mostly. No power greater than a fab for that right now.
It seems like OpenAI should be all for it.
What a double standard.
You are a resource. He is a point of connection to resources.
All I am getting is “you’re getting conned, he is the conman.”
What do you want to be?
Source: Been there, doing that
My point is not about relative contributions of value necessarily, which are difficult to compare, but about the structure of employment. The value of a CEO who is doing a good job is not measured by the number of hours they spend on a project. They cannot iterate on solutions the way an engineer can.
The skillset and behavior are different at the meta, macro and micro levels.
I know that sounds callous but it isn't rare at all for high level functionaries to hold positions in more than one entity, the board of directors of OpenAI is an excellent example of that. And some of those are arguably already conflicted.
Worker bees get paid to work, and companies would like to get a certain amount of time for their money because that what it says in your employment contract. You don't necessarily have to agree with that but then you have to carve your own path rather than to hitch your horse to someone else's wagon.
The exclusivity clause is fairly common but may not be enforceable depending on where you live, especially if it is for a part-time job (but in IT most jobs are full-time).
There is no double standard.
For the vast majority of CEOs, if they tried to start another company as a side-hustle then they'd also get fired (and potentially sued).
For the CEOs who can run multiple companies at once, there's several factors
- they founded the company, so they have a majority of voting rights so they can't get fired
- they're so valuable to the company that the shareholders are willing to put up with them running multiple companies at once (and shareholders will definitely grumble about it)
For you, you're not really valuable to the company so if you try to work multiple jobs at once then they have no qualms with replacing you.
If you were a valuable enough IC then you could definitely get into a situation where you're working with multiple companies at once.
People do this with consulting arrangements, where they create a consulting company and are able to work with multiple entities at once because they've given themselves enough leverage to do so.
The issue isn't a double standard. The issue is that you haven't put yourself in a situation where you have enough leverage over the company to work multiple jobs.
It sometimes seems that they aren’t as harsh with executives.
However, IMO, when companies dialog executives from working multiple jobs they use the same sort of rhetoric: “ceo is distracted, directionless, uncommunicative, unable to see past this conflict of interest, etc.” The board will paint the CEO as some dilettante fop.
Look at what happened to Altman, he’s been fired and they insinuated that he’s a lying, double dealing, dirtbag.
Personally I'd rather have a chiller life than try to juggle two jobs without each one finding out about the other.
Does that hold true for a nonprofit, though? "Oops, revenues exceed expenses this year; we better order some supplies to avoid being profitable..."
Unless you specifically have a contract that allows you to avoid disclosures. Or have a specific agreement that transfers intellectual property or research results to you.
So, if a CEO was talking to investors about a new venture (or a set of new ventures) in a closely related field, perhaps even sharing some details about the existing company with those potential investors, would it be fair to say that said CEO was not being entirely candid with the board?
Those are some big "if" statements. I think we would have to see what information was disclosed by Altman to the board with respect to these discussions before making judgements. The precise details of such disclosures may be a matter of legal interpretation.
Or, more likely, all of this will get settled behind closed doors and we will never really know.
If anything, it seems to me that unlocking OpenAI and the broader market from what’s been an effective monopoly through more chip competition would be inline with the charter.
> Technical leadership
> To be effective at addressing AGI’s impact on society, OpenAI must be on the cutting edge of AI capabilities—policy and safety advocacy alone would be insufficient.
LOL!
I’ll link it for you:
Examples is a very generous word. They merely just quoted parts of the charter and pretended the argument would stand on its own.
Watch me literally do the same thing.
Here are all the parts of the carter Sam violated, and I'll even do one better and provide insight:
>Long-term safety
He has been very clear about his position that OpenAI should press forward, despite risks, and used faulty equivocation to justify said position. “A misaligned superintelligent AGI could cause grievous harm to the world; an autocratic regime with a decisive superintelligence lead could do that too.” - Sam
>Technical leadership
Sam doesn't value technical leadership, as proven by his history at other companies and he isn't technical himself. He will immediately pivot to cashing out the moment the time is right. OpenAI is a steward of the domain, not a profiteer. Attempting to solicit special arrangements with other vendors isn't going to progress the domain forward, that happens through research, not special kickbacks.
>Cooperative orientation
The board clearly didn't believe he was being cooperative, with them and perhaps the larger AI community. Given his positions on safety and progress it's not surprising to see him being outed.
Since my comment is easily twice the effort of GP, and I have now baselined my comment with the standards you clearly see as valuable, I look forward to your constructive input.
Which I doubt there will be, which is what was funny about the original comment. All that it deserved was "LOL."
> Ignoring risks
This is not even on topic. You seem to think it is literally about the risk of a magical incantation of AGI that someone was going to accidentally utter. Instead it is about working the conversation for support.
> Sam doesn’t value technical leadership
He doesn’t prioritize technical decisions over all, which is want you want from an organizational leader. He has hired and enabled some of the best technical competency in a generation to do things no one thought were possible.
> The board didn’t believe he was being cooperative
“Being cooperative” as defined here is so naive as to be comical on its own. Internal politics are a constant presence. His job is not to be maximally cooperative without regard for strategy.
The only thing that is clear to me is that non profit structures as presently conceived are totally inadequate for the use OpenAI has put them to and in particular are not up to withstanding growth pressures.
Yea, no one... except Googlers
It's really hard to pull the right people together and sweet talk them into walking away from all the other incredible things they're working on, but it might be the single most important thing that an executive at a new, growing company has to do.
This also helps make sense to me why so many SV types were jumping to the defense of Altman on X/Twitter. They are probably salivating at the potential investments that were in back-room discussions involving Altman and feel the need to prop those up. For example, there may have been literal billions agreed upon in principle but not yet signed amongst several ventures. The tarnishment of his reputation could scuttle much more than OpenAI if this report is correct.
If I was a pure AI researcher and my entire goal in life was to build AGI - I would loathe to be in a company that was engaging in such shenanigans. I'm not for or against either side in this dispute but I can totally appreciate why each side would want to retain control of what has been built so far. It is just there is a fork in the road here and only one vehicle.
> Altman had been traveling to the Middle East to fundraise for the project, which was code-named Tigris, the people said. The OpenAI chief executive officer planned to spin up an AI-focused chip company that could produce semiconductors that compete against those from Nvidia Corp., which currently dominates the market for artificial intelligence tasks. Altman’s chip venture is not yet formed and the talks with investors are in the early stages, said the people, who asked not to be named as the discussions were private.Half of the current 4-member board is also involved with GovAI, which is dedicated to AI safety research and advocating regulation. Aren't they more likely to think that OpenAI has been extremely reckless in publicly releasing models and research like they have?
I've always had similar questions about folks like Musk and Dorsey. Is it simply lack of proper governance? Is it something written into their contacts? Is this just a Silicon Valley thing? I can only imagine that a lot of people would like to work on many side projects, but their employment agreements forbid it.
Folks like Musk and Dorsey have a lot more leverage when they're negotiating their contracts but when it comes to public companies, they get sued all the time over their decisions. The lawsuits are just very drawn out, boring affairs that normally get settled during discovery, before any details actually become public so we don't often hear much about them from the media.
Musk was sued by tons of people over self dealing when Tesla bought SolarCity, for example.
That's good, then he probably won't mind not being there.
You can get away with a lot when you’re effective.
Investors buy shares (or similar), and maybe some other rights or benefits with money. They do this with a contract, like any other business deal. There is nothing unethical that I can see about any action vis-a-vis the investors as long as the contracts are honoured (and the action is not otherwise unethical).
Directors and board members do have certain (e.g. fiduciary) duties which my require conflicts of interest to be disclosed and approved, but in the case of Musk and (it seems) at least this particular Sam, investors and others to whom they have this duties can be quite willing to make such approvals.
P.S. for what it's worth, not all companies forbid other work or side projects (I know this because we don't, unless you're planning on simultaneously working for a direct competitor).
If I'm a government official, then it's a conflict of interest if I own a construction company and increase budget for specific constructions to give my company a boost. This obviously happens in our government today, but it doesn't not make it a major problem.
The other perspective is one of grifting. It's similar to con men, who just move from thing to thing gathering up chips at the table. These investors and so-called entrepreneurs are just like that. They are interested in upping their profile at all costs. Their investments and companies are just a means.
I have worked in jobs where I need to report stock holdings more than a certain amount. Imagine a scenario where a low-level worker could affect billion dollar companies' stock enough to benefit from by buying their products on the job. Such a scenario doesn't exist, but the conflicts of interest are still tracked. It is much easier for high profile executives to affect price movements, amd that's why it's more, not less, important for high-level employees.
For companies, if you have investors, employees, and (implicitly, because they continue to do business with you) customers all supportive of someone remaining in their position in spite of real or potential conflicts of interest then I think it's reasonable to say those are acceptable — and certainly not unethical — conflicts of interest.
The board deserves and has the right to a say, of course, but the extent to which it can justify a position that goes against those other groups is at best debatable even if they are not wholly comfortable with said conflicts. After all, the board should serve the company (customers, employees, shareholders/investors) and not itself. This [1] timeline of OpenAI board changes also seems to suggest some level of opportunism, and the possibility that at other times, or had departing members been replaced, it may not have been possible to get board consensus for firing Sam, either.
[1] https://loeber.substack.com/p/a-timeline-of-the-openai-board
If it's not a violation of an agreement you've made, it seems ethically fine. Impractical perhaps, but not an ethical issue.
The real question is whether overly-broad IP assignment clauses are ethical.
No indication this was the trigger event, but reasonable that the board took notice of all these things. Even viewing this in the best possible, most innocent light, it still looks bad and Sam should have known better.
You can't trust the ML papers anymore.
as far I know arxiv is not a journal. it doesn't reject papers and never intended to do so.
you can find many almost crackpot (meta)physics theories in it. you only need to have someone already on the platform to invite to be able to publish.
the only rejection criteria seems to be that your paper need to be related to the scientific/academic world (ex not your grandma's cookie recipe)
You're right, it's within the charter of what arxiv is meant to be, but I don't think that's how a lot of people think about it.
A tiny subset of psychos will be the downfall of humanity with tech getting ever more potent, and it's especially sad when most of the world just wants to live a happy life with their families, not take over the world like these ghouls.
I miss the days of actual counterculture among hacker types, do stuff for the benefit of the human race or one's own community.
Big Cos benefit the most from this since they have the resources and data to scale up these methods and a large user base to deploy it to.
If Altman had been working in parallel to form a startup, that would have raised conflict of interest problems.
[1] https://www.reuters.com/technology/chatgpt-owner-openai-is-e...
Also, they know all their own special tricks that could be implemented directly in hardware to dramatically reduce energy consumption or performance per dollar, and might not want to tell Nvidia all that stuff. Sam is already so rich, and he really doesn’t strike me as being primarily motivated by personal financial gain at this point. I just can’t see this all being some ploy to extract money from OpenAI by forcing them to buy his own company’s hardware at unfavorable prices.
You seem to be saying that the good reading of the situation is that Altman will take OpenAI's internal secrets (so secret they don't even want to tell their existing chip suppliers) to his own side hustle. But that's not actually good; in fact it's exactly the kind of thing that a CEO should not be doing.
If OpenAI wanted to influence non-Nvidia chip makers into building the perfect next-generation chip, not one of them that would turn down that call.
> Sam is already so rich, and he really doesn’t strike me as being primarily motivated by personal financial gain at this point.
The man started a fucking cryptocoin just a couple of years ago. That doesn't exactly scream "not motivated by personal financial gain".
> I just can’t see this all being some ploy to extract money from OpenAI by forcing them to buy his own company’s hardware at unfavorable prices.
Agreed on this. The company would never ship anything for OpenAI to buy. But what he appears to be doing is trading on the OpenAI name to hustle stupid money into the biggest money pit since WeWork.
Do the chips, drop the prices, make it cheaper to develop AI => then he can return to AI software if he wants though I highly doubt it
What fraction was it?
I am genuinely asking for your view, not trying to sound sarcastic, as you may consider that this is just a vague threat and doesn’t count. To me it does, although obviously I wouldn’t say 700/770 is that fraction. The fraction of people feeling strongly about him in particular is a subset of this. It must be lower, but I’d say still quite significant — definitely above 20% of the company if I had to bet!!
Maybe he does, maybe doesn't, but that is a very bold statement.
Care to elaborate on the more than anybody else? Are u just a fan? Know him personally and other leaders in the field?
He's not even an engineer.
Anyways, great idea, competition is needed in the gpu/chip field.
Someone needs to do it. Is same the same the solution or only person who can do it? Probably not.
Honorary doctorate from U Waterloo, if I'm not mistaken. That puts him in the same "not an engineer" category as Ferdinand Porsche.
I'm sure that there are things they could have done better even with that context, but I think most of the confusion stems from people on here not understanding the motivations of these people.
Personally i saw the for-profit subsidiary as a pretty decent middle ground. Obviously this action took place because the current board felt the company moved too far in the for-profit direction. While they do have the technical right and ability to fire Sam and Greg, and it was the "right" thing to do to bring the company back to the non-profit roots, do you really think the employees saw it the same way? How many hours do the board minus Ilya actually contribute in a week to OpenAI? None of the board members minus Ilya were even around before the for-profit subsidy was created so can they truly align the new OpenAI with something they didnt experience?
Also an aspect i didn't really see anywhere but they had 3 board members leave in 2023. How would those board members have voted? I'd guess probably not to fire Sam but i have no clue. Also why did they not add more board members when those left? Did Sam and Greg want the board expanded again but the other 3 kept voting to not expand and to keep the power?
What if they feel like they shouldn’t be focused on selling a product?
In the 20 threads about this topic on HN over the last few days I’m really kind of blown away by the inability for people to see a different worldview than their own.
Wanting a stake in hot in demand super valuable tech company that’s growing rapidly is a value judgment. Not everyone wants that. Some people actively think companies like this are harming society.
Everything they do needs LOTS of compute. GPT-4 training alone took 100 million GPU hours to train. And they are constantly training new models. And even non-training research is VERY expensive[1]. Without compute that organization is as good as dead.
[1] https://openai.com/research/language-models-can-explain-neur...
The idea that Microsoft is somehow the one with the leverage here is fucking delusional yet I see it in every thread over this weekend.
They could get caught with a dumpster full of dead babies and there will still be a line around the block of people that want to partner with them.
> What if they feel like they shouldn’t be focused on selling a product?
Investor interest stems from focus on product. Having most valuable and in demand product in a generation doesn't matter if you bury it into the ground.
> The idea that Microsoft is somehow the one with the leverage here is fucking delusional yet I see it in every thread over this weekend.
If you think that anyone will give billions of dollars to organization that fucks their investors and is that much unstable, you are the one delusional.
If MS takes their ball and goes home because the OpenAI board made a decision they didn't like, it's better that that happen sooner rather than later, eh? The whole point of OpenAI is to put human values before the profit motive, no?
Why would they suddenly stop acting in the best interest of their business?
Imagine the headlines, "MS Guts OpenAI for Putting Ethics over Profit." That's how it would spin, eh?
Apologies.
look at it this way, pissing off a trillion dollar company for no good reason is an existential risk no matter what org structure you have.
I must admit that my opinion/perspective has changed on this issue in the last 35 hours. I believe that when AGI is achieved it can help with serious societal, scientific, and environmental problems, so I am by nature ‘full speed ahead.’
However, I now think that the board performed its legal fiduciary responsibilities and acted correctly. I changed my mind late Friday night after reviewing the 501 charter. It is the board’s obligation to act.
I am also a big fan of Sam Altman and I can’t wait to see what he does next.
isn't the board pretty much hat-in-hand asking Sam to come back?
You can try a case in the court of public opinion but they have no actual influence here.
The only question is what Microsoft will do and how the board will respond.
So it’s a charity.
> So we devised a structure to preserve our Nonprofit’s core mission, governance, and oversight while enabling us to raise the capital for our mission:
> The OpenAI Nonprofit would remain intact, with its board continuing as the overall governing body for all OpenAI activities.
> A new for-profit subsidiary would be formed, capable of issuing equity to raise capital and hire world class talent, but still at the direction of the Nonprofit. Employees working on for-profit initiatives were transitioned over to the new subsidiary.
> The for-profit would be legally bound to pursue the Nonprofit’s mission, and carry out that mission by engaging in research, development, commercialization and other core operations.
Remember, Uber, over time, has been a net lose financially.
They hold zero fiduciary duty to Microsoft or anyone else.
Microsoft should have looked at this and forced them to clean up their act before getting in bed with them. Now they're embroiled in the bush league shenanigans.
But to own a piece of the “second companies” — the industries that will pop up from the disruption — that’s where the real money will be made. And it’s primarily because the optics of making trillions inside of an AI creating business is essentially untenable investor risk. It’s also just common sense to spread your risk as an investor.
In my mind OpenAI has always been the “profit limited” generator of the change. It’s the lamb not the wolf. Owning a stake in OpenAI itself isn’t important. Creating the change is.
Owning stakes in the companies that will ultimately capture and harvest the profits of the disruption caused by OpenAI is where profits are made. And it’s such a massive disruption you don’t even have to be that close to the source, though it helps.
OpenAI can’t become a profit center while it disrupts all intellectual work and digitizes humanities future: those optics are not something you want to be attached to. There is no flame retardant suite strong enough to survive politically or take profits ethically.
Now the real issue is whether you should be developing the technology with such incredible disruption and be able to position to take profits at all. But ethics are a side concern and the system we are in clearly isn’t prepared to grapple with the impact properly, other than to catalog people for minimum survival incomes. Even now while corporate profits are high, and the stock market is booming, most people on Earth are not sharing in the bounty. And personally, I don’t think we can rely on the architects of disruption to create a sustainable and ethical future that’s fair for everyone no matter how fair or ethical their declared intentions. Even if they are morally pristine they are mortal, and that kind of concentrated wealth and power is a recipe for incredible, unstoppable tyrants.
The project is intended to rival Nvidia
Are Nvidia chips also produced in Taiwan by TSMC?And would this new project be the same, using chips made by TSMC?
Or would this be a diversification away from TSMC?
"...said the people, who asked not to be named as the discussions were private."
"...a representative [...] did not immediately respond to a request for comment. OpenAI, SoftBank and Mubadala declined to comment."
sigh
NVIDIA has the most ridiculous monopoly on GPU’s right now. Their RTX4090 is really fast and would be great for clusters but NVIDIA software driver locked it from sending data at high speed to other GPU’s that prevents it from being used in clusters. This is not a one off thing, NVIDIA regularly does stuff like this to piss off consumers but we are at the mercy of buying NVIDIA chips and making it a trillion dollar company. There were reports that the H100 (latest and fastest known AI chip from NVIDIA) costs only 3000$ to make, while it is sold for 30,000$. Everyone is desperate to add some competition to this industry. If I were CEO of OpenAI even I would be desperate to create another chip to compete with NVIDIA and end this resource reliance.
It’s not obvious that this effort should be started within OpenAI. It may turn out to be a distraction for a startup doing really well, many large companies with much more money to spend have spent huge resources building their own chips (TPU’s, Tesla DOJO, Intel Arc) and still NVIDIA is Uber dominant. I think it makes complete sense to start it outside of OpenAI. It would be a conflict of interest, only if:
1. The chip is of poor quality and Sam Altman forces OpenAI to buy it anyways to enrich himself. I think the possibility of this happening is close to 0, everything I’ve seen and heard of Sam doesn’t make it seem like he’s someone who would do something like this.
That said we are right now 2-3 years away optimistically from such a chip being developed, it’s too early to level any conflict of interest allegations! As am ML practitioner I for one strongly welcome Sam Altmans Chip startup, just as I welcome MS building their own chip, Teslas Dojo, Google TPUs and anyone else who wants to challenge NVIDIA
These sorts of comparisons are silly. If it was only $300, then everyone would have made them. It would be made and sold at the local BestBuy. The reality is that it costs a lot more than that. R&D, Fab, etc... plus the chassis it goes into...
People who are really serious about software should make their own hardware.
One concern I could see is the source of funding. But OpenAI's COO is on record saying that Altman's firing had nothing to do with "...anything related to our financial, business, safety, or security/privacy practices." So that seems to indicate they wouldn't have cared.
Having a really hard time unpacking all this. This article is very speculative.
Microsoft is also in big trouble with the US Gov with their looming $30B tax liability and their gross negligence regarding Azure [1] leading to the US getting hacked. OpenAI being hosted there could be seen as yet another liability to US security.
My bet is that this OpenAI story originated much higher than the board of directors…
[1] https://arstechnica.com/security/2023/08/microsoft-cloud-sec...
But the way the board moved - extremely fast - tells me that there is more to it.
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman says the remote work ‘experiment’ was a mistake—and ‘it’s over’
https://fortune.com/2023/05/05/openai-ceo-sam-altman-remote-...
Tell me more, Person with 7 jobs, about how all work needs to be done from the office
> He further added that OpenAI’s some of the best talents are working remotely. He said, "some of our best people are remote, and we will continue to support it always, so please don't let hating SF stop you from applying to OpenAI! I don't like the open air fentanyl markets either.”
Non-humans could potentially have a public key; I'm a fan of switching to public keys in general but it doesn't solve the problem of assuring "unique humanness".
Have I met them? Check. Has someone I know and trust met them? Check. Has the government met them? Half check. Has the google met them? Quarter check.
This is such a terrible argument though. Executives in practically every industry are all over the map in their efforts and roles. They might serve on different boards or as an advisor. This is different than someone is works in a single function such as the life of a product engineer.
there is nothing “worse” about it because OpenAI is a non-profit and would likely contract with this venture
the regulations against this kind of thing simply require
A) disclosure, for potential future donors
B) low thresholds of ownership to avoid self dealing regulations, which all VC backed companies are compliant with due to share dilution
the secret behind quick impressive fundraises that launder founder’s reputations into legendary status is that their non profits are investors as the “friends and family” or “lead investor”, and then outside investors follow suit and that reduces the non profit and the founder’s ownership percentages below noncompliant levels.
(This isn’t really a game that people can organically play. You either have deep pools of capital you control, or you don’t.)