Far too many companies are designed as management empires instead of as engineers-as-drivers of change. This means that you are being only hired as a headcount in a reporting chain, not as a versatile engineer that can be help boost a company. They'll impose ineffective policies such as you cannot switch teams before 18 months, or a manager can sabotage your mobility with some reviews. All of this is designed to keep the corporate structure inflexible.
It is a structural problem in most American corporations, that they are unable to get past. Faang, and specifically Facebook, encouraged so much mobility - and it showed in the way they completely smashed larger competitors like Google, Microsoft in the last decade.