On the one hand, now I really want this for python. On the other, I've made most of these bugs with JS, and very few with python, despite having used it more. So many of them are consequences of JS wats...
Being a common second language is relevant, but JS also has weird truthiness rules and very first-class-feeling lists and hashmaps but not native deep comparisons, and many of the bugs you described stem from this. Those categories of bugs don't exist in Python, that has almost perfect truthiness (PSA: an epoch datetime is falsy! Wat) and deep comparisons by default.