The earliest was published 1996 in the second volume of "Pattern Languages of Program Design": A Pattern Language for an Essay-Based Website by Robert Orenstein. An early draft of it is only reachable via archive.org: https://web.archive.org/web/19961227102428/http://www.anamor...
Then there was "A First Approach To Design Web Sites By Using Patterns" published 2002: https://hillside.net/vikingplop/vikingplop2002/VikingPLoP200...
Also in 2002 there was a book "The design of sites", which even saw an updated second edition in 2007, but had a clear focus on e-commerce and corporate websites.
The submitted resource, Mark Irons' pattern language, was published in 2003.
And then, 17 years after that, an unfinished (maybe still in progress?) attempt in 2020: A Web Pattern Language: https://kmcgillivray.github.io/a-web-pattern-language/
I think one problem is that personal websites are to some extent the training ground of the web. The stakes and incentives are different than for your run-of-the-mill boring corporate website. There are more design outliers and more experimentation, which probably makes it harder to distill patterns out of it. Although I would love to read through a comprehensive pattern language that reflects the more personal and non-commercial corners of the web of today.