That’s what CX is for.
> interview users to identify potential features
That’s what designers are for.
> manage leadership, play politics for resource allocation
That’s what your lead/people manager is for.
You don’t need a PM. You need an org chart.
A PM will say things like: "I spent 120 hours talking with our users last quarter. They want a macro language added to the product to make their work easier. Our major competitor already has this feature. We have a budget from the executives and 6 months to get it done. We can get the CX person to do some focus groups to figure out how the users expect it to work, the designer to create some interface options for everyone to choose between and then do the UI wireframes, then the leads can work together to plan the coding schedule based on the implementation phases I will give them."
Designers interview people, and potential features may come out of that. They don't put those potential features into a roadmap and allocate resources to them. I'm a designer: if it were up to me, I'd spend 99% of my time improving the UX of the product we have, because that's what I care about most. Somebody has to own the vision for the product with respect to the company's business goals, and individual designers and engineers are not the right people for that. Maybe I ought to have phrased that better originally.
That kind of depends. The product-minded ones (who are naturally interested in the "producty" kind of work) are excellent people for that. So you may find that in some companies the people doing product work are either engineers or designers. I've often done that from the engineering side, and I've seen it done really excellently by UX designers too. In other companies you may have dedicated people.
In my experience, whether it works well or not is less a function of how the roles are divided and more a function of whether the individuals doing product work are good at product work (which is difficult to find, even when they are dedicated product specialists). I think I would probably argue that due to the nature of the job being a lot about connecting different functions of the business and synthesising into a coherent whole, product people tend (on average) to better at their job when they do also have experience with at least some of the other roles they are interacting with (although this isn't necessary to do the job well).
Also, what engineer doesn’t understand the product deeply from both a technical and business perspective? Maybe a contract dev, or a new hire.
Reforge provides good training for product managers. This article provides a good overview of a role of a PM: https://www.reforge.com/previews/product/what-does-a-product...
Now we have Product Manager orgs with Associate PMs, junior PMs, senior PMs, group PMs etc…
A junior PM almost by definition can’t be a product owner. They don’t have the seniority to make decisions, so what you end up with is a situation where senior PMs are handing down solutions to junior PMs who are coming up with even more detailed solutions to engineers. I’ve seen it time and again.
I mean product owner as in the person responsible for the product.