To be fair, it was both. If you look at contemporary writing among lay Americans, they earnestly thought it made Mexicans crazed and dangerous. It's good to look at history through economic and political lenses because that's often the steering wheel or gate control, but (in approximate-democracies) it's also good to acknowledge what everyday sentiment was among lay citizens.
A country can be calculating and moralizing/prude at the same time, and America's biggest historical moments almost always hinge on getting those two things to align. Even today.
Yes, but where did that idea originate from? I think the insinuation here is that the reason it was thought of that way was because that image was being propagated by the media. See: reefer madness, which a comment below indicates was a production of Hearst.
If you're very very lucky, you might be able to find a political source that predates your earliest known popular mention, but that's still not very authoritative. And if you can't trace some plausible epidemic-like spread over time and geography, which you almost certainly can't, you really just can't make a strong causal determination.
Even with Hearst (or Murdoch, or any other media titan), you can easily paint them as savvy amplifiers, cranking up the volume of existing rumors to the benefit of their own vision.
It was initially criminalized because minority groups were using it during the time of prohibition and it was a way of targeting them specifically. Randolph Hearst ran a series of yellow journalism hit pieces which is one of the origins of reefer madness comes from. He also ran the largest newspaper at the time.
Then once it was criminalized it was trivial to link it to crime because, well, now only criminals were growing, selling and using marijuana.
America has and continues to have, a racism problem. Policies targeting minorities for no good reason other than racism and hate.
fzeroracer is correct, it’s all part of the bigger picture ban against anything “un-american” at the time. Reefer Madness, hit pieces in the news/media, blaming crazy on marijuana, and not understanding. Policy through bigotry is not good policy.
I linked this elsewhere in the thread but here’s a law university study.
Your knowledge of this era of history is incorrect. You are correct about the cause of marijuana criminalization but wrong about White laborers in farming during the early 20th century. Whites alongside Hispanic were very common as laborers during the great depression and up to the 60s.
https://www.loc.gov/collections/todd-and-sonkin-migrant-work...
Hyperbole? Pacific Islander civilizations? Inuit? etc.
Anyway, here’s a Wikipedia page that goes into more cultures and histories of civilizations and their cannabis connections: