I was specifically looking at when an email is open. There's 9 menu options. Move To and Change Labels do the same thing, and it has a UI element on screen already. There's also Mark Important which is apparently different from star. Consolidate Move To/Change Labels and move help to the bottom, and everything should fit on top.
Then there's another menu below that with 8 items, 4 of which also already have UI elements. Give the other 4 icons. There's plenty of space on the show pictures line.
You need a menu for label filtering since the user can create many, but let's look at settings. There's a mostly blank screen with a ... menu with 2 options (why is it sometimes hamburger and sometimes ...?): manage accounts and help. Just put them on the screen. Now look at general settings. Enough stuff that I have to scroll, but for some reason 4 of them are in a ... menu. Two are the same as the last screen, with clear search and clear picture approvals added. Now go back to settings. Suddenly settings has all 4 options in the ... menu! The hidden options on the same screen are different depending on where you were before, when they could all just fit on the screen.
In general, scrolling is much faster than clicking on an icon. Lots of web UIs (e.g. navigation menus) could benefit from just putting the links at the bottom.