Luckily I live in Armenia now, which not only has its own alphabet, but also has a tradition of armenising Slavic patronyms! (Which is fair, I guess, as Armenian patronyms are commonly russified in Slavic countries.)
Anyway, the transliteration of Cyrillic at least is not really standardised in my experience. It used to be worse, with Polish, French and English styles, now it settled on English, but there are a still several sticking points which cause combinatoric explosion of variants. Not to mention that my perspective is centered on Russian, and there is a different standard of transliteration for Ukrainian at least (Kyiv and Kiev are Levenshtein 2 apart in Latin, but Levenshtein 1 apart in Cyrillic), and there is a ton of other Cyrillic languages.