Just from what I am using personally Figma and ChatGPT come to mind. The whole AI wave has nothing this side of the pond. Now the success of these AI tools is not yet guaranteed, so maybe I am wrong.
Sorry, disqualified according to your own arbitrary rules.
And regarding AI startups there's about a bazillion of them in EU, just as in the US. Sure, ChatGPT was invented by a US company but you can't really claim that there's "nothing" in the EU. Just because you haven't heard of it doesn't mean it doesn't exist.
But I am happy to be proved wrong, thats why I asked in the first place.
Off the top of my head, but some of these are older than 5 years: Spotify, Voi, Revolut, Ledger, Aiven.