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> after application restart and continue from there.

What if the application doesn't restart before the queue decides the message was lost and resends?

In Kafka the "queue" is dumb, it doesn't lose messages (it's an append only durable log) nor does it resend anything unless the consumer requests it.

There has to be a retry system somewhere, otherwise you'd end up with a 0-or-more delivery system if the app crashes after picking up from the queue, but never processing or ack-ing.

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