However, the clue was the use of 'proletariat' which is the wage-earning class while 'bourgeoisie' would be the class which owns the means to production, in a Marxist context.
Though he's not really rentier, either--he's more like meta-rentier, and probably closer to aristocracy (though I don't know marks isn't well enough to know if he had that as a separate group)
Its the same class that became the capitalist ruling class; just prior to the effective displacement of the titled nobility as a center of power as a distinct class the bourgeoisie was a relatively narrow elite that was the middle class between the titled nobility and the peasantry, in much the same way that the petit bourgeoisie under capitalism is a relatively narrow elite when looking at society as a whole, but still the “middle class” between the haut bourgeois pure/major capitalist and the wage-labor-dependent proletariat.