A clarification: You can certainly assume that char is 8 bits if you don't mind losing portability to a small minority of systems.
If I'm being pedantic, I might add something like
#if CHAR_BIT != 8
#error "This code assumes 8-bit char"
#endif
But realistically, if I'm using headers defined by either POSIX or Windows, that's probably enough of a guarantee. (Though I'd still use CHAR_BIT rather than 8 to refer to the number of bits in a byte.)