The “Common Good” isnt paid for by taxes, its paid by debt issuance and the taxes and other revenues pay the interest. This means that the things that would be funded already are funded, and no tax collection influences that.
Regarding “tax havens”, this is also hubris. A high tax country that doesnt know how to balance its budget has a term for a low tax nation that operates within the confines of its budget. The Cayman Islands has legislated a tax, its just at 0% right now because they dont need the money that way. They found something competitive to raise enough revenues and didnt get involved in other things. Its nobodies problem that this is now impossible for the other country from its poor spending habits.
Maybe one day you’ll see your blind spots. What I described is the reality that exists, it is already compliant to operate this way and that’s very unlikely to change. Countries compete on competitiveness for business.