One interesting option is the option to let customers choose where they want to be on the reliability vs price scale.
Typically, in times of crisis due to undersupply, an electricity network cuts off customers (blackouts).
However, this needent happen at the district/region level. It could just as easily be implemented by your own electricity meter - effectively a breaker which opens when it detects crisis.
Crisis can be fairly easily measured from the power itself - when the supply of electricity is tight, the frequency and voltage drop.
That means a supplier could theoretically have customers choose what reliability they wanted, and set a switch on the back of their electricity meter to give them the reliability they had paid for.
The downside is that this system only works if the majority of electricity meters behave this way.