Actually, we do refer to files by their inode number, not by their name. The system uses the name to lookup the inode number, and then use the inode number.
Maybe I misunderstood you initially[1], but you weren't proposing to keep the numbers and use a lookup service for the name. AIUI, you proposed to replace the number with a name, no?
In which case, absolutely no one is proposing to replace inode numbers with names, so inode numbers/filenames as an example does not validate or lend support to your proposal for replacing port numbers with names.
[1] I'm on a personal quest to stop misunderstanding people in a way that reduces the strength of their argument. It's not going as well as I though it would, and I still do it sometimes.