“assertion failed: ino_has_vnode(ino)” for me, hints at a filesystem problem.

On the other hand, https://www.macuser.de/threads/macbook-pro-14-stuerzt-ununte... has a similar/the same issue, with somebody else think that, too, but it didn’t seem to be the case

I would start in recovery mode, see whether the kernel panic happens there, too, and if not, try running disk repair.